Introduce our project....

Hye my fans readers...

as i mentioned earlier in my previous post that i will show my photo and video of our project.. Before that, i would thanks to all group members, lecturer, and all that included in successing this project. Hopefully this subject will gain more knowledge to all group members in order to improve hand-ons skill and also practical skill. And now i would like to present our incredible Digital Alarm Clock :

So,,how about your opinion guys?? satisfied?? if not you can see this video..njoy it !!!

As u you can see from this video..Its show one of the operation of this project. From this video,one of the function that we show is our alarm clock that ignites the led that turns to red and blink it.

For a long time we have effort for this project...here now, i would like introduce u our pre project...all group members are decide to post a video and a photo for the next post...so here im just telling that to completedour project it takes around a month because of so many problems that we had to face that makes our project cannot completed in a certain time that we had to finish it....the problems are :

Machine pcb cannot be used
We are out of component
Lack of time

Final Confirmation To Our Project

Assalamualaikum. Hello everyone ! 

After taking some time to make a decisions about our project selection based on ideas given by our group members,we are now finally have agreed to implement the project of DIGITAL CLOCK ALARM as our main digital project. The chosen of the project is based by a majority vote results.  

Pre-Confirmation to our Project ( Digital Alarm Clock)

Pre Confirmation to our project 
Hye Guys, great to have all of you right now because we already have the final pre confirmation of our project to share after having a meetings on this project.…We together have decided to choose this idea as our main electronic digital project.Here are the pre-confirmation of our final project for this subject. Check it out guys! J

Here are the list of components that will be using in this project :

1) IC LM8560

The Function of this component is :

The LM8560 is alarm equipped digital clock IC with built-in driver capable of directly driving LED display equipment.

Single chip P-channel ED MOS LSI;

LED direct drive using time division (duplex configuration);

Wide operating power supply voltage range;

Built-in alarm function with 24-hour control;

Supports changeover between 12-hour AM/PM and 24-hour displays;

Built-in battery backup CR oscillator;

Users 50Hz or 60Hz as standard frequency;

Built-in automatic fast forward function for hour and minute settings;

Built-in sleep timer function (maximum intervals of 59 minutes or 1 hours and 59 minutes);

Built-in snooze function supporting repeat use;

Equipped with power failure display function;

900Hz output for alarm tone  


2) Relay

- relay mainly has the following functions:

1) To enlarge the range of control. E.g., when the controlling signal of a multi-contacts relay reaches a certain value, according to the different forms of the contacts, it can synchronously change over, close or open several circuits.

2) Enlargement. E.g., sensitive relays and medium relays can control a high-power circuit with minute controlling power.

3) To integrate signals. E.g., when several controlling signals are put into a multi-winding relay in the stated form, the relay can realize the expectant controlling function by analyzing the different signals.

4) Automatization, remote control and monitoring. E.g., in automatic equipments, the relays and other electronic components can constitute program-controlled circuit, realizing the automatic operation.

3)Step Down Transformer 6V

4)Capacitor 

Capacitor's function is to store electricity, or electrical energy.
The capacitor also functions as a filter, passing alternating current (AC), and blocking direct current (DC).
This symbol  is used to indicate a capacitor in a circuit diagram.

The capacitor is constructed with two electrode plates facing eachother, but separated by an insulator.

When DC voltage is applied to the capacitor, an electric charge is stored on each electrode. While the capacitor is charging up, current flows. The current will stop flowing when the capacitor has fully charged.

Pre-Confirmation to our Project (Color Sensor)

COLOR SENSOR

·         The circuit can sense eight colours, i.e. blue, green and red (primary colours); magenta, yellow and cyan (secondary colours); and black and white

·  colour is required to be detected should be placed in front of the system

·    The light rays reflected from the object will fall on the three convex lenses which are fixed in front 

of the three LDRs.

·         convex lenses are used to converge light rays and helps to increase the sensitivity of LDRs.

·   When reflected light rays from the object fall on the gadget, the coloured filter glass plates determine which of the LDRs would get triggered

·    The circuit makes use of only ‘AND’ gates and ‘NOT’ gates.

·  When a primary coloured light ray falls on the system, the glass plate corresponding to that primary colour will allow that specific light to pass through. But the other two glass plates will not allow any light to pass through

·        Thus only one LDR will get triggered and the gate output corresponding to that LDR will become

logic1 to indicate which colour it is.

·      Similarly, when a secondary coloured light ray falls on the system, the two primary

 glass plates corres- ponding to the mixed colour will allow that light to pass through while the 

remaining one will not allow any light ray to pass through it.

·         As a result two of the LDRs get triggered and the gate output corresponding to

 these will become logic 1 and indicate which colour it is.

·         When all the LDRs get triggered or remain untriggered, you will observe white and black light indications respectively. Following points may be carefully noted :

1. Potmeters VR1, VR2 and VR3 may be used to adjust the sensitivity of the LDRs.

2. Common ends of the LDRs should be connected to positive supply.

3. Use good quality light filters.

Pre-Confirmation to our Project (Metal Detector)

Metal Detector

·  The circuit described here is that of a metal detector.                · The circuit utilises two RF oscillators.The frequencies of both oscillators are fixed at 5.5  MHz.              ·  For proper operation of the circuit it is critical that frequencies of both the          oscillators are the same so as to obtain zero beat in the absence of any metal in the near vicinity of the circuit.       ·The alignment of oscillator 2 (to match oscillator 1 frequency) can be done with the help of trimmer capacitor VC1.         ·When the two frequencies are equal, the beat frequency is zero, i.e. beat   frequency=Fx-Fy=0, and thus there is no sound from the loudspeaker.       · When search coil L1 passes over metal, the metal changes its inductance, thereby     changing the second oscillator’s frequency.        · So now Fx-Fy is not zero and the loudspeaker sounds.        · Thus one is able to detect presence of metal

Pre-Confirmation to our Project (Automatic Room Lights)

Automatic Room Lights         

Hye Guys, great to have all of you right now because we already have the very interesting thing to share…Here are the pre-confirmation of our new project for this subject. Check it out guys! J

· When a person enters the room it gets one pulse and the lights come ‘on.’

· Person goes out it gets another pulse and the lights go ‘off.’ It has a small memory which

  enables it to automatically switch ‘on’ and switch ‘off’ the lights in a desired fashion.

· These counters make use of Johnson decade counter CD4017 ICs.

· The sensors are installed in such a way that when a person enters or leaves the

  room

·  When a person enters the room, first he would obstruct the light falling on LDR1,

  followed by that falling on LDR2

·  Since the bottom half portion of circuit is identical to top half, this time with the

  departure of each person red portion of bi-colour LED is lit momentarily and

  output of  IC4 advances in the same fashion as in case of IC3.

· The bulb connected to the supply via N/O contact of relay RL1 also lights up

·  The maximum number of persons that this circuit can handle is limited to four

  since on receipt of fifth clock pulse the counters are reset

·  Additional inverters, AND gates and diodes will, however, be required

another new idea for digital electronic project -DIGITAL RPM METER-

      M1 is a 3V Micro DC motor  (whose detail is shown in fig II) which is used in reverse direction (functioning as  DC generator) to which we are connecting the shaft of any motor whose r.p.m. has to be measured.When motor runs, a potential difference or voltage will generate between the terminals of the motor. The generated voltage is directly proportional to the r.p.m. of the motor. That is when r.p.m. increases, output voltage also will increase.  

Which is measured by the 1^st ADC (RA0) of the microcontroller and displays  in the LCD in terms of r.p.m.Care must be taken that the same motor (or any DC brush micro motor having same specification of SRF-300) must be used.The ZD1 (5.1V) used here to protect the ADC from over voltage from the motor M1. C1 filters & smoothes the output  DC voltage from M1. This meter can be used to measure  up to 10500 r.p.m. The measurable range can be increased upto 50000 by replacing the 3V DC motor with 5V DC motor having same specification of SRF-300 except voltage. 

Another new ideas given for this project ^^'

Come in and make yourself comfortable because I have something to show and share to all of you that I propose that our group can make it real….This is an applied circuit that use digital to analog converter. Therefore, you can take a look into this and make some discussion. If you all not quite know about this and have better circuit to show..We can discuss about it later on. Thank you. Enough from me – Research and Design Crew.

Follow the colors on the schematic and on the description text respectively, it can help!

All the components are labeled on the circuit, so i'll start directly to explain how it works. to simplify this task, i'll split the circuit into 2 main stages: the Digital to analog converter and the Voltage buffer stage

Stage 1: the Digital to analog converter (The R/2R network)

This part have been explained in detail in the previous section, its purpose is to create the voltageV1 which is equivalent to the weight of the binary number on the lines (D0 to D7). Now that this is a resistor network, if we apply any load on the output of the first stage, this load will be considered as an additional resistor in the network, and thus will disturb the network which will no longer provide the correct & desired output voltage. Therefore, to overcome this problem, we need a voltage buffer, here is where the next stage comes...



Stage 2: the voltage buffer

This stage will isolate the point V1 from the final output V2, while always keeping the voltage V2at the exact same value of V1. This is what we call a voltage buffer. for the voltage buffer we use an opamp with the output connected to the inverting input (this special configuration of the Op Amp is also called Voltage Follower). The most important things to note are:

1   No current (almost 0A) will flow from the point V1 into the opamp, so we wont be disturbing the resistor network configuration


2   V2 will always equal V1 (theoretically, see the rest of this document)


3  The current going out from the point V2 to any other stage is sourced from from the power    supply of the OpAmp. 

IDEAS GIVEN BY THE GROUP MEMBERS RELATED TO DIGITAL ELECTRONIC PROJECT

Assalamualaikum. Hello everyone ! We are here again to meet up and discuss about the ideas given from our members of group related to the digital electronic digit.
Here is the one of the ideas given.

 TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEM

The microcontroller communicates with a Dallas/Maxim "1-wire" digital temperature sensor

 (in fully powered mode). 

It has been successfully tested with DS18B20 and DS18S20 types. 

The choice of sensor makes no difference to the temperature display resolution here. If a DS18S20 

device is used,the software uses the "Count_remain" variable to increase it's resolution to 0.1 deg 

centigrade. 

The controller drives the three (high efficiency) LED single digit common cathode type display 

segments through series 510ohm resistors to help limit the current to remain within the 25mA per 

pin drive limit, together with the multiplexing action which effectively reduces the average current. 

The multiplex is the same "Charliplexed" circuit as used in my previous project - this saves two pic 

port pins for other uses. Using the on-chip oscillator again frees-up the two pins normally used for 

connecting a crystal to be used as ports instead.

On the next post I will upload the others ideas that 

might be usefull for this digit electronic 

project. 

Therefore don't miss it, stay tune on this blog ! :)

THE POSITIONS OF OUR GROUP

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER Ahmad Afiq B. Ahmad Fuad

CHIEF OPERATION OFFICER Siti Aisyah Binti Azmal Fatin Syafiqa Binti Haron

SALES AND MARKETING ENGINEER Raja Izzatul Saadah Binti Raja Chulan

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT  Mohd Hazwan Bin Md Khalid Muhammad Nur Hakim B. Nordin

TECHNICAL ENGINEER Muhammad Norakmal B. Jani Mohd Zaki B. Rohaizad

Introduction to our Digital Electronic Group Members.

Muhammad Norakmal B. Jani	AE100065
Ahmad Afiq B. Ahmad Fuad	AE100073
Muhammad Nur Hakim B. Nordin	AE100061
Mohd Zaki B. Rohaizad	AE100112
Mohd Hazwan Bin Md Khalid	AE100095
Siti Aisyah Binti Azmal	AE100165
Fatin Syafiqa Binti Haron	AE100043
Raja Izzatul Saadah Binti Raja Chulan	AE100120